Varicella (Chickenpox) Vaccine

The Varicella vaccine is used to protect against chickenpox, an extremely contagious disease caused by the Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV). Chickenpox is spread from person to person through direct contact, airborne droplets from coughing or sneezing, or indirectly through objects freshly contaminated by droplets or blister fluid from an infected person.

Common symptoms of chickenpox include fever and red, itchy spots on the body and face. These spots form within a few days, evolve into fluid-filled blisters, and then crust over before finally healing.

The Target Audience for the Varicella Vaccine

According to the Singapore National Childhood Immunisation Schedule (NCIS), all children should receive two doses of the Varicella vaccine from the age of 12 months, with a minimum interval of 3 months between doses.

The Singapore National Adult Immunisation Schedule (NAIS) advises that adults aged 18 and above who have not been previously vaccinated, or who have no evidence of prior infection or immunity, should receive two doses, with the second dose administered four to eight weeks after the first.

Pre-Vaccination Precautions for the Varicella Vaccine

Before receiving the Varicella vaccine, inform your healthcare provider if:

• You have allergies to the vaccine or any of its ingredients, including the antibiotic Neomycin

• You are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding

• You are on any medication

• You are currently unwell or have a fever

• Your immune system is compromised due to conditions such as HIV infection or cancer

• You are undergoing treatment or taking medications that could weaken your immune system, such as high-dose steroids

• You have recently been given any other vaccines

• You have recently had a blood transfusion

How the Varicella Vaccine is Administered

The Varicella vaccine is administered subcutaneously, as a series of two doses under both the NCIS and NAIS. It may be given as a standalone injection or combined with other vaccines (e.g., Measles, Mumps, and Rubella) in a single shot.

Common Side Effects of the Varicella Vaccine

Some individuals may feel faint after vaccination. To avoid fainting, it's recommended to sit for 15 minutes. Common side effects include:

• Pain, redness, and swelling at the injection site. A cold compress can be applied for relief.

• Fever. Paracetamol can be taken to manage the fever.

Serious Side Effects of the Varicella Vaccine Requiring Immediate Medical Attention

Symptoms of a drug allergy may include one or more of the following:

• Swelling of the face/eyes/lips/tongue

• Difficulty breathing

• Itchy skin rashes all over the body

If you experience any of these symptoms, contact your healthcare provider immediately.